Summaries

Structure is designed on a 12 x 12 m main support system. These dimensions provide the optimum solution between the conflicting criterias of economy and independence. In superstructure, reinforced concrete columns in the first two floors transform into steel columns at the top floor and support the roof constructed in steel in its entirety. Steel roof consists of a system with large spans of 36m and 27m in longitudinal direction. Main steel beams forming the roof structure continue without any interruption from the edge of the canopy on the land side to the other edge. Large spans and empty space with three-storey high in main entrance hall required the construction of steel roof. Crossing the 36m span with steel system enabled the use of more slender cross-sections. This system is also economical and time-saving. The design consisting of manufactured I-beams enabled differentiation from other steel structure systems in perception of the roof from the inner structure. Purlins resting on main beams with 4m intervals in the other direction enable crossing of mechanical elements with their hallow and curved-cornered structure and also contribute to architecture in aesthetics point of view. While approaching the terminal from land side, a canopy supported by inclined columns solved as an extension of the roof protects the people welcoming and saying their farewells to passangers. Hallow volumetric column heads formed at the point where canopy is connected to the roof is a unique characteristic of the architectural design. Column heads emphasized with lighting fixtures placed in these elements create a dramatic impression in exterior lighting. As the structure is located in a foreign country which is being re-structured, all steel elements were manufactured in Ankara and delivered to site. In design stage, details to solve problems beforehand were developed by coordination with the manufacturer and designer. All connections were solved with bolted solutions instead of welded connection. As the cranes that could be found in and around Kosovo had a maximum capacity of 300 tonnes, each steel element was manufactured in partitions and limited dimensions in weight and lengto to enable lifting with one crane. All mechanical elements under the roof – rain drainage, sprinklers, lighting cable trays, reservations for assembly holes – were superposed during design stage. These holes integrated to design were left on steel elements during manufacturing stage and used at a 95% rate during application. All beams forming the wavy structure were first tried in the factory in Ankara by assembling together, then disassembled and sent to the construction site. System is designed in acccordance with Eurocode 3 norms. To minimize heat effect due to dimensions of the structure, the system is designed in three parts with utilization of two dilatations. Horizontal supports are Ø70cm and 50/50 cm in circular and rectangular cross-sections respectively. Total tonnage; 1850 tonnes consisting of steel columns and roof.